Explainers

Starch is a naturally occurring carbohydrate composed of long chains of glucose molecules. These chains can be linear (Amylose) or branched (Amylopectin). Starch is typically composed of 20-30% amylose and 70-80% amylopectin.

Used widely as an ingredient, starches are present in almost everything we eat. But what are they and where do they come from?

At noon on February 20 every year, shipowners, operators and charterers renew their P&I Club coverage. This is a critical requirement for the shipping sector to ensure they are insured against adverse events such as spills, collisions and seafarer injuries. But what can the P&I Club tell us about the main risk factors in shipping today?

• The fundamentals of the global wheat markets.
• Where they are and how they function.
• How they facilitate the physical wheat trade.

Welcome to the sixth and final part of Czapp’s course on freight.

Now for something a bit different. Up to this point we’ve focussed primarily on the drybulk market. But many of the concepts also apply to the container market too.

Welcome to the fifth part of Czapp’s course on freight.

In the first episode we looked at the different ways that cargo can be moved through supply chains around the world. In the second, we looked at the different participants in the drybulk freight market. In the third we looked at the ships themselves. In the fourth we looked at the contracts needed to move goods.

Now, we will look at how everyone in the supply chain can control their costs and manage any price risk.

Welcome to the third part of Czapp’s course on freight.

In the first episode we looked at the different ways that cargo can be moved through supply chains around the world. In the second, we looked at the different participants in the drybulk freight market.

Welcome to the fourth part of Czapp’s course on freight.

We will look at the paperwork involved in the drybulk freight market. “Looking at paperwork” sounds deeply unpleasant, but we’ll try to avoid putting the ‘dry’ into ‘drybulk’.

Welcome to the second instalment of Czapp’s course on freight.

In the first episode we looked at the different ways that cargo can be moved through supply chains around the world. Now we will examine the drybulk freight market in more detail.

Welcome to Czapp’s course on freight. We hope it helps you understand how goods move around the world.

The course is split into 6 articles, with a special focus on ocean freight and less emphasis on road, rail or air freight.

• Understanding the basics of wheat.
• What different types are grown around the world?
• Who are the major producers and users?

Governments around the world are committing to clean energy. Many are encouraging investment by developing enticing fiscal frameworks, including tax incentives, to facilitate investment in low-carbon energy sources to meet these ambitions.